Revision 6
Website

@namkyu · Sep 2, 2026, 6:55 AM
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+| Requirement       | Minimum option                                                           | Cost                   | Priority    | Notes                                            |
+| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------: | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| Code editor       | Visual Studio Code or equivalent                                         | Free                   | Essential   | For custom development                           |
+| Source control    | Git + GitHub free account                                                | Free                   | Recommended | Version control and deployment workflow          |
+| Framework         | Next.js, other open-source framework, or static HTML                     | Free                   | Optional    | Depends on site type                             |
+| Database          | PostgreSQL, Supabase, or another database                                | Free entry possible    | Optional    | Dynamic sites only                               |
+| Hosting           | Free-tier host or existing hardware                                      | $0 additional possible | Essential   | Limits depend on provider                        |
+| DNS/CDN           | Cloudflare Free                                                          | Free                   | Recommended | DNS, CDN, DDoS protection and SSL                |
+| HTTPS             | Let's Encrypt, Cloudflare Universal SSL, or hosting-provider certificate | Free                   | Essential   | Public sites should use HTTPS                    |
+| Analytics         | [Google Analytics](/wiki/google-analytics)                               | Free                   | Recommended | Visitor and acquisition measurement              |
+| Search monitoring | [Google Search Console](/wiki/google-search-console)                     | Free                   | Recommended | Google crawling, indexing and search performance |
+| Authentication    | Google Sign-In or application-managed accounts                           | Free entry possible    | Optional    | Needed only for user accounts                    |
−| Requirement       | Minimum option                                                                                 | Cost                   | Priority    | Notes                                            |
−| ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------: | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
−| Code editor       | [Visual Studio Code](/wiki/visual-studio-code) or equivalent                                   | Free                   | Essential   | For custom development                           |
−| Source control    | Git + [GitHub](/wiki/github) free account                                                      | Free                   | Recommended | Version control and deployment workflow          |
−| Framework         | Next.js, other open-source framework, or static HTML                                           | Free                   | Optional    | Depends on site type                             |
−| Database          | PostgreSQL, [Supabase](/wiki/supabase), or another database                                    | Free entry possible    | Optional    | Dynamic sites only                               |
−| Hosting           | Free-tier host or existing hardware                                                            | $0 additional possible | Essential   | Limits depend on provider                        |
−| DNS/CDN           | [Cloudflare](/wiki/cloudflare) Free                                                            | Free                   | Recommended | DNS, CDN, DDoS protection and SSL                |
−| HTTPS             | [Let's Encrypt](/wiki/lets-encrypt), Cloudflare Universal SSL, or hosting-provider certificate | Free                   | Essential   | Public sites should use HTTPS                    |
−| Analytics         | [Google Analytics](/wiki/google-analytics)                                                     | Free                   | Recommended | Visitor and acquisition measurement              |
−| Search monitoring | [Google Search Console](/wiki/google-search-console)                                           | Free                   | Recommended | Google crawling, indexing and search performance |
−| Authentication    | Google Sign-In or application-managed accounts                                                 | Free entry possible    | Optional    | Needed only for user accounts                    |
  
  
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 The domain must point users toward the correct infrastructure through DNS.
  
+Cloudflare provides a Free application-services plan with DNS, CDN, unmetered DDoS protection and Universal SSL. Its paid Pro plan is US$20/mo when billed annually or US$25/mo when billed monthly; Business is US$200/mo annually or US$250/mo monthly.
−[Cloudflare](/wiki/cloudflare) provides a Free application-services plan with DNS, CDN, unmetered DDoS protection and Universal SSL. Its paid Pro plan is US$20/mo when billed annually or US$25/mo when billed monthly; Business is US$200/mo annually or US$250/mo monthly.
  
 This means a small site does not necessarily need to purchase a separate CDN or public TLS certificate.
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 They are complementary rather than substitutes.
  
+Other analytics products such as Plausible Analytics, [Matomo](/wiki/matomo), and Cloudflare Web Analytics can be relevant when privacy, data ownership, or lighter client-side scripts are priorities.
−Other analytics products such as [Plausible Analytics](/wiki/plausible-analytics), [Matomo](/wiki/matomo), and Cloudflare Web Analytics can be relevant when privacy, data ownership, or lighter client-side scripts are priorities.
  
 # Google Analytics
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+| Layer               | Example                                                    |
+| ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Application         | Next.js                                                    |
+| Database            | PostgreSQL                                                 |
+| Containers          | Docker                                                     |
+| Reverse proxy       | Caddy                                                      |
+| DNS/CDN             | Cloudflare                                                 |
+| HTTPS               | Caddy and/or Cloudflare                                    |
+| Authentication      | Google Sign-In                                             |
+| Traffic measurement | [Google Analytics](/wiki/google-analytics)                 |
+| Search monitoring   | [Google Search Console](/wiki/google-search-console)       |
+| Transactional email | [Resend](/wiki/resend), Amazon SES, or similar             |
+| Error monitoring    | Sentry or application logs                                 |
+| Payments            | [Stripe](/wiki/stripe) or an appropriate regional provider |
+| Search discovery    | XML sitemap + crawlable internal links                     |
−| Layer               | Example                                                            |
−| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
−| Application         | Next.js                                                            |
−| Database            | PostgreSQL                                                         |
−| Containers          | Docker                                                             |
−| Reverse proxy       | Caddy                                                              |
−| DNS/CDN             | [Cloudflare](/wiki/cloudflare)                                     |
−| HTTPS               | Caddy and/or Cloudflare                                            |
−| Authentication      | Google Sign-In                                                     |
−| Traffic measurement | [Google Analytics](/wiki/google-analytics)                         |
−| Search monitoring   | [Google Search Console](/wiki/google-search-console)               |
−| Transactional email | [Resend](/wiki/resend), [Amazon SES](/wiki/amazon-ses), or similar |
−| Error monitoring    | [Sentry](/wiki/sentry) or application logs                         |
−| Payments            | [Stripe](/wiki/stripe) or an appropriate regional provider         |
−| Search discovery    | XML sitemap + crawlable internal links                             |
  
  
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 Representative error-monitoring options include Sentry, application logs, hosting-provider monitoring, and cloud observability services.
  
+Websites that send account verification, password recovery, login links, receipts, or notifications can use services such as [Resend](/wiki/resend), Amazon SES, SendGrid, or [Postmark](/wiki/postmark) rather than operating their own mail server.
−Websites that send account verification, password recovery, login links, receipts, or notifications can use services such as [Resend](/wiki/resend), [Amazon SES](/wiki/amazon-ses), [SendGrid](/wiki/sendgrid), or [Postmark](/wiki/postmark) rather than operating their own mail server.
  
 Important dynamic data should also have a recovery plan. This may include:
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